Síndrome de Sjögren y ultrasonido
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Resumen
El síndrome de Sjögren es una enfermedad autoinmune crónica que afecta principalmente a las glándulas salivales y lacrimales produciendo un estado de sequedad de mucosas. Se genera un estado de proliferación linfoplasmocítico en las glándulas exócrinas que conlleva a un estado de deterioro progresivo hasta su afuncionalidad. Su prevalencia es de 0.05 a 0.7% de la población general, siendo el género femenino el más afectado. Los criterios de clasificación realizados en el 2002 por Vitali y Cols, son los que con mayor frecuencia se usan en una consulta externa de reumatología; sin embargo, la aplicación de algunos de estos criterios no siempre es posible debido a algunas limitantes, como la biopsia de glándula salival, sialografía por contraste o centellografía de glándula salival. El uso del ultrasonido de glándula salival es una alternativa válida que aporta en la evaluación del paciente sospechoso de síndrome de Sjögren, herramienta de fácil acceso, no iónica, poco tiempo, evaluación en tiempo real y dinámica. Se propone en esta revisión su uso como alternativa y/o adyuvante al resto de herramientas de evaluación descritas en la literatura
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